EstateWISE – What is probate?

In the field of estate planning, there seems to be no word or phrase that strikes greater fear in a person’s heart than the spectre of “probate”.  While it is certainly a known word, its true nature and implications remain a mystery for most people.  Let’s remove some of that mystery:

What is probate?

  • The process of proving to a court office that a Will is entitled to be relied upon
  • The document issued from the court confirming the court’s finding
  • The tax the government/court charges for the service

When is it needed?

  • Third party demand – Likely a bank or other financial institution
  • Real estate under a land titles system (under which title must be certified by the Master of Titles)
  • Where public guardian is protecting the interests of minor beneficiaries
  • Pending or actual litigation involving the estate
  • Executor’s peace of mind

What does it cost?

  • The top rates range from about 0.5% to about 1.5% depending on the province
  • Alberta as a probate ‘haven’ — Maxing out at $400
  • Quebec notarial Wills do not require probate 

Who takes care of it?

  • It is the executor’s responsibility
  • Law office role is to assist with legal matters obviously
  • Often the executor will engage (and compensate) lawyer to carry out the application, but the executor remains legally responsible to oversee the lawyer’s activities

How long does it take?

  • Bringing the application to the court 
  • Time it takes the executor to gather assets and identify beneficiaries
  • Processing time for the court to respond
  • Depends on the backlog in the court office 
  • Few weeks to a few months